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Chain Grades for Oversize Loads
For securing oversize loads in the US, Grade 70, Grade 80, and Grade 100 chains are commonly used, with Grade 80 and 100 being favored for heavier and oversized loads due to their superior strength and durability. Grade 70 is suitable for many heavy-duty hauling applications, while Grade 80 and 100 are preferred for very heavy or oversized loads requiring maximum strength and reliability.
Grade 30 – General Purpose
Grade 70 – Load Securement & Towing
Grade 80 – Overhead Lifting
Grade 100 – Heavy Lifting & Towing
The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) established updated cargo securement regulations effective January 1, 2004, based on the North American Cargo Securement Standard Model Regulations. These rules apply to interstate commercial motor vehicles and aim to prevent shifting, falling, or rolling cargo during transport.
Applicability: These rules apply to all cargo-carrying commercial motor vehicles (49 CFR 390.5) in interstate commerce. Bulk commodities (like liquids, gases, sand, and gravel) transported in containers that are part of the vehicle structure are exempt.
Performance Requirements
Cargo securement systems must withstand:
These forces simulate braking, cornering, and docking impacts. Vehicles secured using general or commodity-specific rules are considered compliant.
Aggregate WLL must equal at least 50% of the cargo’s weight.
It includes:
Minimum Tiedowns Required:
Blocked/Immobilized Cargo:
At least 1 tiedown per 10 ft of length is required.
Special Vehicles & Exceptions: Vehicles carrying special cargo (e.g., beams, cranes, structural components) may use alternative securement methods if they meet performance and WLL standards.
These rules override general guidelines when specified. Below are summarized rules for frequently regulated cargo types.
393.116 — Logs
393.118 — Dressed Lumber & Building Products
393.120 — Metal Coils
393.122 — Paper Rolls
393.124 — Concrete Pipe
393.126 — Intermodal Containers
393.128 — Automobiles, Light Trucks & Vans
393.130 — Heavy Equipment & Machinery
393.132 — Flattened or Crushed Vehicles
393.134 — Roll-On/Roll-Off Containers
393.136 — Large Boulders
At Freedom Heavy Haul, we provide fast and efficient pickup and delivery services for oversized freight across the United States. Reach out today for transparent, no-obligation pricing.
Moving oversized cargo demands strategic planning to ensure the safety of the load, driver, and the public. Proper securement minimizes accident risk, prevents cargo damage, and ensures compliance with transportation regulations.
This guide outlines proven methods for safely securing large shipments. It includes essential equipment, step-by-step securement strategies, and regulatory guidance to help keep your haul safe and steady on the road.
Transporting large freight presents unique logistical and legal challenges. It requires detailed planning to navigate height, width, and weight restrictions. Industry leaders such as Mammoet and Daseke emphasize the importance of collaboration between drivers, dispatchers, and regulatory agencies to manage these complexities. Awareness of the cargo type, environmental conditions, and route limitations is essential for safe delivery.
Oversized cargo can include a variety of large, heavy, or oddly shaped items such as:
Key Risk Factors in Oversized Transport
Ensuring cargo security involves addressing several risks, including:
Condition: High Winds
Potential Risk: Increases the chance of rollovers
Mitigation Strategy: Use real-time tracking tools such as Trimble GPS
Condition: Heavy Rain
Potential Risk: Decreases braking efficiency
Mitigation Strategy: Utilize pilot vehicles with Whelen LED lighting systems
Condition: Steep Inclines
Potential Risk: Puts strain on braking components
Mitigation Strategy: Equip vehicles like the Kenworth T880 with engine brakes
Adapting to these conditions is critical. Using safety tools like Loctite UV markers allows for regular tie-down inspections and enhances cargo stability in changing environments.
Using the proper materials and methods is crucial for safe oversized freight transportation. Each tool plays a unique role in stabilizing cargo and preventing movement during transit.
Chains and Binders
Chains rated at Grade 70 or 80, paired with ratchet binders, are ideal for extremely heavy loads. Trusted brands include Pewag and Columbus McKinnon. Best practices include:
“Properly tensioned chains reduce in-transit load movement by up to 60%,” according to a U.S. DOT bulletin.
Straps and Webbing
Nylon or polyester straps work best for lighter or awkwardly shaped items. Brands like Rhino USA and Erickson offer reliable, UV-resistant options.
Bracing materials such as wood beams, steel supports, or adjustable systems like Vestil’s BXL Series help eliminate cargo shifts.
Device Type: Chains/Binders
Best For: Heavy machinery
Example Brands:Pewag
Key Benefit: High tensile durability
Device Type: Blocking Systems
Best For: Load shift prevention
Example Brands: Vestil
Key Benefit: Adjustable frame options
Device Type: Straps
Best For: Pipes, lumber
Example Brands: Rhino USA
Key Benefit: UV-protected webbing
Following these practices ensures compliance with transportation regulations and promotes safer roads. Proper securement, combined with high-quality tools and thorough inspections, protects not only the cargo but everyone sharing the highway.
Safely transporting oversized loads requires a deep understanding of both the equipment used such as chain grades and securement devices and the FMCSA cargo securement regulations. Chain Grades 70, 80, and 100 chains each serve distinct purposes, with higher grades offering greater strength for heavier or more critical loads. Compliance with federal rules, proper use of tie-downs, and awareness of environmental and route-specific challenges are essential for minimizing risks. By using high-quality securement tools, conducting regular inspections, and adhering to best practices, transport professionals can ensure cargo stability, regulatory compliance, and public safety throughout every oversized haul.
Grade 80 chains are stronger than Grade 70 chains. Grade 80 chains are made from heat-treated alloy steel and are designed for heavy-duty applications, including lifting and rigging, while Grade 70 is typically used for load securement.
The Working Load Limit (WLL) of Grade 70 chain depends on the chain size. For example, a 3/8″ Grade 70 chain typically has a WLL of 6,600 lbs. Always refer to manufacturer guidelines for specific sizes.
Grade 80 chain is used for overhead lifting, rigging, and heavy-duty applications that require superior strength. It is also heat-treated and made of alloy steel, which makes it suitable for lifting operations.
Grade 50 chain is made from stainless steel and is primarily used in marine, decorative, or light-duty industrial applications. It offers excellent corrosion resistance but has a lower strength compared to Grades 70, 80, or 100.
Grade 70 and lower (like Grade 43 or 30) are not approved for overhead lifting. Only Grade 80 and above (such as Grade 100 and 120) are designed and certified for lifting.
For hauling heavy equipment, a Grade 70 chain with a 3/8″ or 1/2″ diameter is commonly used. The right size depends on the weight of the load and the number of tie-downs required. Always calculate using WLL standards.
Yes, G80 (Grade 80) chains are stronger and more durable than G70 (Grade 70) chains. G80 is made of alloy steel and designed for lifting and rigging, while G70 is used mainly for tie-downs.
Grade 100 chain is a high-strength, heat-treated alloy steel chain used for overhead lifting, rigging, and heavy-duty load handling. It offers about 25% more strength than Grade 80 chain of the same size.
Although Grade 100 chains are designed for lifting, they can be used for cargo securement if DOT requirements are met. However, they are typically more expensive than Grade 70 chains, which are specifically made for tie-downs.
Yes, Grade 80 chain is approved and widely used for overhead lifting and other heavy-duty rigging tasks due to its superior strength and compliance with OSHA and ASME standards.
No, Grade 70 chains are not approved for overhead lifting. Only Grade 80 and above are certified and rated for lifting applications.
The lock or shackle is often the weakest point in a security chain setup. Even if the chain is resistant, a low-quality lock can compromise the entire system.
Grade 120 chain is used for extreme-duty lifting and industrial rigging, where maximum strength and durability are required. It has the highest WLL of all standard lifting chains.
